Which of the following is closest to a mass of 500 mL of water?

The mass of water can be directly related to its volume due to its density. Water has a density of approximately 1 gram per milliliter (g/mL) at standard temperature and pressure. Therefore, when you have 500 mL of water, you can use the formula that relates mass (in grams), volume (in milliliters), and density (in g/mL):

Mass = Volume × Density.

Substituting in the values for water:

Mass = 500 mL × 1 g/mL = 500 g.

This calculation confirms that 500 mL of water indeed has a mass of approximately 500 grams, making it the closest option to the given quantity. Other options represent significantly different masses that do not correlate with 500 mL of water based on the defined density.