To use observation to reach a logical conclusion is known as what?

The correct answer is inference. This term refers to the process of drawing logical conclusions from observations or evidence. When you observe certain facts and then extend your understanding to make a conclusion that is not directly stated, you are making an inference. For example, if you see a dark cloud in the sky and conclude that it might rain, you are using observation to infer the likely weather condition.

In contrast, a hypothesis typically represents a testable statement or prediction that emerges from a theory or prior observations but is not yet supported by evidence. Analysis refers to the process of breaking down complex information into smaller, more understandable parts, while evaluation involves making judgments or assessments about the significance or quality of something based on specific criteria. Each of these terms has its own distinct meaning in the context of observation and reasoning.